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Thats the problem. It would be very difficult to get a new instance off the ground unless you were an insider or had inside connections. If you have a cabal of existing admins acting as gate keepers you could keep outsiders from abusing the system easily, but you are also walking right back into the centralized control federation is supposed to prevent.
Universal karma wouldnt work for gate keeping or weighting in a federation anyway. Since the internal activity of each server is opaque to the others, theres no practical way to verify that karma reported by a different server is genuine and not internal bot activity or just manually edited by the server owner.