I think it’s a bit different. Female at least refers to a real biological trait (or at least collection of traits). As a scientist I use the word female in my work all of the time, and frankly I’m not sure what alternatives to it even exist.
Bloodline is like… weird racist antiquated European ideas about ancestry that are more or less completely unscientific and wrong. I don’t think I’ve ever once heard it used in a scientific context.
Maybe it’s used in animal breeding but that’s because animal breeding has uncomfortable connections with outdated race “science”. It doesn’t come from the real scientific community.
Maybe a cultural or regional thing? Or is it related to a hobby or something? I can’t think of a single time I’ve heard this phrase in normal conversation.